J. Robert Elliott was an American politician and a federal judge. Elliot was born to a Methodist minister in Gainesville, Georgia. After he graduated from Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia in 1930, he taught school to earn money for his law degree, which he received from Emory University School of Law in 1934. Elliot was in private practice of law in Columbus, Georgia from 1934 to 1943. In 1936, he was elected to the Georgia House of Representatives, where he served four terms. He joined the United States Navy during World War II, serving in the Pacific. He returned to the private practice of law in Columbus, Georgia from 1946 to 1962 and he was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1948 and 1952. He was appointed as federal judge on the United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia by President John F. Kennedy on January 23, 1962, to a seat vacated by T. Hoyt Davis. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 7, 1962, and received commission on February 17, 1962. Elliot served on the bench for 38 years and was chief judge between 1972 and 1980.